BRAND NAMES: Atarax

DRUG AND MECHANISM OF CLASS: Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic (drying) and anesthetic which is used to treat allergic reactions. Histamine is released by the body for several types of allergic reactions and -- to a lesser extent -- during certain viral infections, such as the common cold. When histamine binds to its receptors on the cells, it causes changes within the cells that lead to sneezing, itching, and increased mucus production. Antihistamines compete with histamine to cell receptors; However, when they bind to receptors they do not stimulate the cells. In addition, they inhibit histamine binding and stimulate the cells. After ingestion, hydroxyzine molecule is slightly changed, things have changed and that hydroxyzine also binds to cells. (This has changed hydroxyzine drew an active metabolite -- is cetirizine (Zyrtec), which is now a drug approved by the FDA.) Although both cetirizine and hydroxyzine act as antihistamines, hydroxyzine causes sedation as a secondary effect, and does cetirizine. Hydroxyzine was originally approved by the FDA in 1957. GENERIC AVAILABLE: yes PRESCRIPTION: yes PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 10mg, 25mg, 50mg, 100mg. Capsules: 25mg, 50mg, 100mg. Syrup: 10 mg per teaspoon (5 ml). Suspension: 25mg per teaspoon (5 ml). STORAGE: capsules, tablets and liquids should be stored below 30 ° C (86 ° F). Fluids should not be frozen and should be shaken well before each use. PROVIDED FOR: Hydroxyzine is used for the relief of nasal and non-nasal symptoms of allergic ailments such as seasonal allergic rhinitis. Although antihistamines are the privileged classes of drugs in allergic rhinitis, they only reduce the symptoms of 40-60%. Hydroxyzine is also used as a tool to help with insomnia and induce sedation before uneasy certain diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. DOSING: Hydroxyzine has its maximum effect about 30 to 60 minutes after it is taken. Its effects last for 4 to 6 hours. Therefore, it is often required to take every 4 to 6 hours as needed to relieve symptoms associated with allergy. When used to combat insomnia, it is required to take 30 to 60 minutes before bedtime as needed. Patients older than 60 years are particularly susceptible to the effects of the sedative hydroxyzine, and the dose should be reduced. Hydroxyzine can be taken with or without food. Drug Interactions: Hydroxyzine addition (exaggerate) the sedative effects of alcohol and other drugs that can cause sedation as the benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (eg, Valium, Ativan, Klonopin, Xanax), the narcotic Analgesics class and its derivatives (eg, Percocet, Vicodin, Dilaudid, codeine, Darvon), the class of tricyclic antidepressants (eg Elavil, Tofranil, Norpramin), and certain medications (eg, Catapres, Inderal). Hydroxyzine may also intensify the drying effects of other drugs with anticholinergic properties (eg, Bentyl, Urecholine, Probanthine, Elavil, Thorazine.) When using these drugs, the dose of hydroxyzine may require the reduction, Consequently. PREGNANCY: A limited number of studies hydroxyzine pregnant women to think that there might be a link between its use in the first trimester of pregnancy and congenital anomalies in the fetus. Therefore, hydroxyzine should be avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy. NURSING MOTHERS: It is not known whether hydroxyzine is excreted in human milk. In general, antihistamines are not recommended for use during breast-feeding, since they can cause stimulation or seizures in newborns. SIDE EFFECTS: Hydroxyzine commonly can cause sedation, fatigue, drowsiness, dizziness, disturbed coordination, drying and thickening of oral and other respiratory secretions, distress and stomach. Hydroxyzine can also cause confusion, nervousness, irritability, blurred vision, double vision, tremors, loss or appetite, or nausea. Hydroxyzine should be used with caution (if any) of those with a narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy (enlargement of the prostate), hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension and asthma.
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